Monthly Archives: June 2021

ISO/OSI AND TCP/IP MODEL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HOST Even on the Internet, communication between Hosts can take place if they all adopt the same standard and the same protocols regardless of the differences. Communication takes place on layers, placed one above the other in a sort of stack or stack. At the lowest level we have the Host to Network level which deals with managing communication on the physical medium. In the upper layer we have another layer that manages other aspects of the connection but still very important and that will implement its own protocols and [...]

THE DEVICES CAN CONNECT TO THE NETWORK VIA RADIO OR BY WIRED MEANS. WIRELESS IEEE 802.11 STANDARD Registered trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance group dedicated to certifying that Wi-Fi products comply with IEEE 802.11 wireless standards. Each new standard improves performance, reliability and safety. The hardware must be manufactured specifically to support a standard. WIRED NETWORK STANDARD IEEE 802.3 (ETHERNET): Speeds from 10 to 1000 Mbps on various physical media (coaxial, twisted pairs and optical fibers) Comparative table of the most popular 802.3 standards: The most commonly used are 100Base-TX (Fast Ethernet) which [...]

METHOD OF TRANSMISSION There are three ways: Unicast when there is a sender and a recipient; Multicast when sending a message from one sender to multiple recipients; Broadcast when a sender sends a message to all recipients for example in a WhatsApp group chat. UNICAST This connection mode creates contact only between interested parties. It does not matter whether the transfer is bidirectional or not: it does not matter if the recipient becomes the sender, giving rise to a bidirectional exchange of data, or if the connection remains unidirectional. As long as there is a flow of information between [...]

RESIDENTIAL ACCESS ISP (Internet Service Provider) Residential access simply means how the Internet reaches our homes. In practice it is a PTP (Point-to-Point) connection between the ISP (Vodafone, Tim, Fastweb etc.) and the customer. The Internet Service Provider allows us to access a much wider network, the Internet, which we will see later. The most common access modes were Dial-Up, ISDN to get to the present day with: XDLS xDSL (Digital Subscriber Line) which is a family of technologies that allow you to use the copper twisted pair at the same time for both digital data and analog telephone [...]